The objective of the study was to collect, identify and document the presence of macrofungi occurring in the Black Hills of South Dakota and Bear Lodge Mountains of Wyoming. Two-hundred sixty species of macrofungi were collected from 95 sites in the Black Hills of South Dakota and Bear Lodge Mountains of Wyoming during 1998–2002. Two-hundred thirty-nine are submitted as new records for the area. Thirty percent of all species were collected only once during the study and 35% were collected from only one site. A total of 173 species were collected from five established permanent sites. All permanent sites were visited four times each summer during the study. Of species collected at permanent sites, 19% were collected only once at a site and 57% occurred at only one of the five sites. Twenty-five species (10%) were collected every year from one or more of all 95 sites and 10 species (6%) were collected every year from one or more of the five permanent sites.